Why is static electricity generated?
Causes of generating static electricity 30 . . . + + + . . Separated . + + + Attached . . . . + + + Proton Electron Note) 3 electrons are mentioned in the figure, but the number of electrons varies depending on the atom. When an electron (.) attaches to an atom, the number of electrons (.) exceeds that of protons (+), resulting in a negatively charged state. When an electron (.) separates from the atom, the number of protons (+) exceeds the number of electrons (.), resulting in a positively charged state. Protons (+) and electrons (.) are balanced and no static electricity is generated. No static electricity (0 V) Positively charged (+) Negatively charged (.) q Contact charging When 2 objects come in contact with each other, electrons can move between the objects. When the objects are suddenly separated under this condition, the atoms are polarized and static electricity is generated. Both objects (workpieces) have the same number of protons and electrons and are electrically balanced. Neither object generates an electric potential (static electricity). When objects are suddenly separated, the distribution of electrons becomes polarized, resulting in negative or positive charging depending on the number of electrons. When one object (workpiece) comes into contact with another object (workpiece), electrons (.) move from the workpiece with the small work function to the workpiece with the large work function. < Work function: The minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron from the surface of a metal. Each substance has all eigenvalues. > 2. Static Electricity q Principle of static electricity When looking closely, you can see that all matter is composed of atoms. An atom has protons and electrons that are in electrical balance. Electrons may become separated from or attached to the atom with a small force. Disruption of the balance between protons and electrons leads to static electricity. Positive charging Negative charging A workpiece with a large work function A workpiece with a small work function